Correção de Variações Momentâneas de Tensão em Microrredes de Corrente Contı́nua em Navios Militares Contendo Cargas Pulsadas

Abstract

Shipboard Direct Current Microgrids (dc-SMGs) offer advantages in efficiency, weight, and load integration. However, high-power pulsed loads, such as directed-energy weapons, cause voltage sags on the DC bus, compromising power quality. This disser- tation investigates two decentralized control strategies to mitigate these variations: the conventional droop method and the Virtual DC Machine (VDCM) technique. A complete dc-SMG model was developed, including a gas turbine generator (Rowen model), rectifier with LC filter, conventional loads, a pulsed load, and a supercapacitor-based Energy Sto- rage System (ESS), connected via a double interleaved boost converter. The droop and VDCM techniques were implemented and compared, both complemented by feedforward control and a hysteresis-based management algorithm. The results showed that both te- chniques performed equivalently, maintaining the bus voltage within the normative limit. Although VDCM offers greater flexibility and inertia emulation, it did not demonstrate practical superiority over droop in the studied scenario. It is concluded that the simpli- city and robustness of droop, when integrated with dynamic compensation mechanisms, constitutes a suitable solution for naval dc-SMGs with pulsed loads. The main contribu- tion of this work lies in the comparative and contextualized validation of these strategies, providing technical support for the selection of control architectures where reliability and simplicity are critical.