A Antártica na geopolítica Sul-Americana: uma análise comparativa do soft power de Argentina e Chile

Abstract

This dissertation analyzes how the Antarctic policies of Argentina and Chile, from the perspective of soft power theory, impact their bilateral relations within the context of South American geopolitics. Using a comparative approach, the study investigated the concrete actions undertaken by these two countries on the frozen continent. The study is based on the hypothesis that Argentina and Chile have conflicting interests that directly impact their relations. After presenting the theoretical framework centered on the work of Joseph Nye, the research presents, in specific chapters, the path of each country's Antarctic policy, analyzing the historical evolution of their territorial presences, the institutionalization of their respective policies into rules, and practical demonstrations of the use of soft power. The comparison between the cases revealed certain similarities and differences in the way both states use this type of power in the region. By analyzing these characteristics, the conclusion is that these policies work both as a cause of approach and as a source of subtle disputes. Finally, by demonstrating how soft power is applied by these two actors, the work brings contributions to the debate on the South American presence in Antarctica and highlights the importance of understanding that continent as a strategic space of symbolic power and regional projection, offering subsidies for improving Brazil's influence in the region.