Guerra híbrida: perspectivas sobre a convergência entre a guerra eletrônica e a guerra cibernética

Abstract

This monograph analyzes the intersection between Cyber Warfare and Electronic Warfare within the context of 21st-century hybrid conflicts, with emphasis on the strategic and operational implications of this convergence for the contemporary military environment. It is an analytical study based on bibliographic and documentary research, aimed at understanding the coordinated application of these capabilities by both state and non-state actors. Through the conceptual and technical description of these two tools, the study examines the degree of integration between the use of cyberspace and the electromagnetic spectrum in military operations, as well as the doctrinal perspectives related to the topic. Real-world cases are presented to illustrate how this articulation enhances the tactical and strategic effects of hybrid operations, particularly regarding the exploitation of critical systems, disruption of communications, and degradation of military networks. The analysis shows that, although there is not yet a consolidated doctrine in Brazil, there are opportunities for institutional and regulatory improvement in this area. It concludes that the convergence between Electronic Warfare and Cyber Warfare constitutes an essential vector for achieving operational superiority and protecting critical infrastructure in the face of hybrid threats.