Atlântico sul ocidental: análise comparativa entre a estratégia A2/AD de Sam J. Tangredi e sua aplicação para a armada argentina

Abstract

This study offers a comparative analysis of the Anti-Access and Area Denial (A2/AD) strategy developed by Sam J. Tangredi in relation to the geopolitical context and current capabilities of the Argentine Republic in the Southwestern South Atlantic. Through a theoretical and conceptual review of the A2/AD strategy, the work explores its doctrinal foundations, its application in theaters such as the South China Sea and the Persian Gulf, and its potential implementation in the argentine case. Maritime geopolitics is defined as the analytical framework, examining how geography, natural resources, and sovereignty disputes influence the adoption of defensive postures against extra-regional powers. The study then compares the naval capabilities required by the A2/AD strategy such as anti-ship missiles, submarines, ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance), and electronic warfare with the material and doctrinal limitations of the Argentine Navy, underscoring the need to strengthen its deterrent capacity. In addition, it assesses aspects related to infrastructure, surveillance, regional cooperation, and technological autonomy, emphasizing the importance of sustained investment, domestic industrial development, and the articulation of a national defense doctrine grounded in a comprehensive understanding of the maritime domain. Ultimately, the study argues that, despite current constraints, Argentina could implement an adapted A2/AD strategy, leveraging its geography, satellite capabilities, and industrial potential to reinforce its sovereignty in the South Atlantic and project its presence toward Antarctica.