Geopolítica da América do Sul : A influência da geopolítica brasileira no desenvolvimento do Programa Nuclear da Marinha

Abstract

This study analyzed how brazilian geopolitics influences the country’s decision to develop a Submersible Ship Nuclear-powered (SSN). The investigation began with the historical contextualization of the Brazilian Nuclear Program and the creation of the Navy Nuclear Program in 1979, highlighting the internal and external factors that led to the prioritization or postponement of the SSN’s development. The analysis of the degree of priority attributed by the political and social spheres was based on official documents, interviews with former Navy Commanders and nuclear specialists, national and international literature, as well as the method developed in the State and Social Prioritization Model (SSPM), proposed in this study. The research also emphasized the low perception of society and political actors regarding external threats and the relevance of strategic programs, which limits the public debate on national defense. In this sense, the application of the SSPM proved useful to understand how social, economic, and political factors shape program prioritization. It is concluded that the pursuit of the SNCA results from geopolitical choices aimed at preserving sovereignty and strengthening Brazil’s international protagonism. Therefore, the formulation of a comprehensive and long-term National Grand Strategy, with budget predictability and effective communication with society and opinion-forming elites, is essential.