Segunda Guerra Mundial: uma análise dos empregos estratégicos e táticos dos submarinos alemães na Batalha do Atlântico e dos submarinos estadunidenses na Batalha do Pacífico período de 1939 a 1945

Abstract

The objective of this research is to identify the submarine employment strategies and tactics devised by Germany and the United States of America in the Battles of the Atlantic and the Pacific, respectively, analyzing their use and the results achieved by each of these states. The relevance of the study lies in the importance of exploring submarine operations both from a strategic and tactical perspective, and their capacity to influence the outcomes of war. Therefore, it is essential to understand their significance and learn from the results of previous wars, drawing lessons to enhance strategic and tactical perspectives regarding the use of submarines in future conflicts. To achieve this objective, the analysis was based on a bibliographic research of official documents from the Brazilian Navy and the United States Navy, academic articles, historical works on the aforementioned conflicts, and works focused on submarine warfare. The methodologies adopted are analytical and causal, with the objective of identifying the strategic and tactical employment of German submarines in the Battle of the Atlantic and of United States submarines in the Battle of the Pacific, as well as assessing the extent to which such strategic and tactical employment proved relevant to the outcomes of the aforementioned conflicts. In the end, it was found that the strategic and tactical uses of American and German submarines in these battles were decisive for the naval campaigns analyzed in this study, and their lessons should be understood so that the full potential of submarine warfare in future conflicts can be fully realized.