A parceria público-privada como instrumento de viabilização de projetos de eficiência energética na Marinha do Brasil

Abstract

This paper analyzes the use of public-private partnerships as a tool to facilitate distributed energy generation projects, particularly solar photovoltaic energy, within the Brazilian Navy. Structured as an analytical monograph, it is based on exploratory and descriptive research based on legislation, technical documents, academic literature, and practical experience from both Brazil and abroad. The analysis begins with an examination of the regulatory framework for public-private partnerships, highlighting their potential for fostering investment in infrastructure and public services in fiscally constrained environments, as well as the challenges related to contractual complexity and governance requirements. The study then addresses the geopolitics of solar energy in a global context, demonstrating how the expansion of the renewable energy matrix alters international relations and reinforces multilateral commitments around sustainability and energy security. At the national level, the text discusses the trajectory of energy efficiency policies, highlighting government programs such as Procel and the Energy Efficiency Program, as well as success stories in universities, municipalities, and the Armed Forces, which demonstrate the economic, environmental, and strategic benefits of photovoltaic generation combined with rational consumption practices. Based on these elements, the monograph proposes the administrative concession provided for in Law No. 11.079/2004 as a suitable alternative for structuring distributed generation projects in the Navy, since it transfers risks to the private partner, ensures budget predictability, and conditions payments on effective performance. It argues that the lack of such investments generates cumulative financial losses, reduces operational resilience, and limits technological modernization. Finally, it maintains that the adoption of the model, if well-planned and accompanied by governance mechanisms and contractual guarantees, can transform distributed generation into a strategic pillar of the Navy's energy management, serve as a benchmark for other public organizations, and reinforce the State's role as a driver of innovation and sustainable energy transition.