Assistência social na Marinha do Brasil: atuação em situações de emergências, estado de calamidade pública, desastre e ação humanitária

Abstract

This study emphasizes the guidelines of the Brazilian Navy’s Social Assistance in situations of emergency, state of calamity, disaster, and humanitarian action. Its objectives are to explain these guidelines and to identify whether they are adequate to meet the needs presented in crisis contexts. It is an exploratory and qualitative study, developed through bibliographic and documentary analysis. Social assistance professionals of the Navy operate in situations that include floods, inundations, landslides, earthquakes, accidents, fires, public health emergencies, and incidents in Military Organizations, especially in the operational sector. Their work follows a systemic approach, considering comprehensive risk management and the demands of assisted users. The intervention encompasses the following phases: prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. Actions are systematized by a protocol of intervention and coordinated by the Navy’s Directorate of Social Assistance. When necessary, the Directorate mobilizes the Rapid Response Team, which must be ready for immediate intervention. Based on the analysis of the guidelines and experiences related to the COVID-19 pandemic and the floods in Rio Grande do Sul, the study concludes that the guidelines are adequate to address the needs in these contexts. However, reflective systematization of the adopted practices makes it possible to identify operational weaknesses, propose adjustments in procedures, and strengthen the response capacity of Social Assistance in future emergency contexts.