A otimização das operações logísticas nas operações anfíbias: uma análise comparativa entre práticas passadas e perspectivas para o cenário atual

Abstract

Amphibious operations are considered one of the most complex military operations, due to the use of naval, air, and land assets, and the landing on a hostile coastline. This complexity requires logistics capable of ensuring the continuous supply and maintenance of amphibious troops on this often harsh and unpredictable coastline. Therefore, we sought to clarify whether the logistical operations carried out by the United Kingdom in the Falklands War influenced the outcome of the conflict and how logistical operations continue to influence amphibious operations in the 21st century. The purpose of this work was to analyze and compare the logistical challenges faced in two distinct OpAnf, characterized by different historical, geographical and logistical factors, to identify the perspectives for the scenario in the current century. Taking into account some relevant facts at the operational and tactical levels, the chosen research design was characterized by comparative analysis. This purpose aimed to reveal the similarities and/or differences between past logistical practices and perspectives for the current scenario. To achieve this goal, we analyzed the concepts and definitions established in our doctrine on Amphibious Operations, military logistics, and the logistics used by the United Kingdom and the United States of America, thus establishing and understanding lessons learned. Subsequently, we identified the most relevant points related to the logistics practiced in both wars and proposed strategic logistical improvements or changes to contribute to Amphibious Operations in the current scenario. During the comparison, several themes emerged that allowed us to observe both similarities and differences at the operational and tactical levels, while presenting improvements or changes at the strategic level. This led to the conclusion that the logistical operations conducted by the United Kingdom influenced the outcome of the conflict. Likewise, it was concluded that logistics operations continue to influence 21st century Amphibious Operations, with their evolutions and a more current way of carrying out logistics in combat.