Segurança do tráfego aquaviário no planejamento espacial marinho: uso sustentável e proteção do ecossistema marinho nos municípios de Itaguaí e Angra dos Reis

Abstract

Amid the increasing overlap of maritime uses along the Costa Verde region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, this research investigated how to reconcile the sustainable use of marine resources with the protection of the marine ecosystem, particularly in light of the growing maritime traffic. Focusing on the sustainable use of the sea through Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) in the management of marine areas in the municipalities of Itaguaí and Angra dos Reis, this dissertation aimed to analyze the regulations related to maritime traffic safety and their intersections with environmental concerns and the blue economy. Grounded in the concepts of the blue economy, sustainable development, navigational safety, and marine governance, the methodological approach adopted was exploratory in nature, based on documentary analysis and case study. National and international legislation was examined, along with critical infrastructure such as ports, terminals, shipyards, nuclear power plants, and protected areas. The study identified regulatory conflicts, institutional fragmentation, and normative gaps that hinder the effectiveness of coastal and marine management. Therefore, the coordinated adoption of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP), integrating federal, state, and municipal agencies as well as civil society, is essential to mitigate usage conflicts, ensure navigation safety, and promote the sustainable development of the region under analysis.