Adaptação de procedimentos e doutrinas do Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais dos Estados Unidos para operações litorâneas no contexto brasileiro: uma análise comparativa

Abstract

Military operations in coastal environments have become a crucial strategic aspect, particularly for countries with extensive coastlines, such as Brazil. This study addresses the importance of coastal operations in the global strategic context, highlighting the specific challenges faced by Brazil in its maritime defense, including the need to protect natural resources, maritime infrastructure, and ensure sovereignty in its territorial waters. The research focuses on the particularities of littoral warfare, which requires multidomain capabilities and adaptability from the armed forces, and examines the doctrines of the United States Marine Corps (USMC), such as Expeditionary Advanced Base Operations (EABO) and Distributed Maritime Operations (DMO), as references for the development of military strategies in coastal environments. The adaptation of these doctrines in the Brazilian context is a central issue, considering the specificities of the national coastline, such as shallow waters, estuaries, and the Amazon Basin. The research analyzes the operational challenges of the Brazilian Marine Corps (CFN), such as budgetary constraints and difficulties in fleet modernization, as well as the growing urbanization of coastal areas and its impact on military operations. The methodology involves a comparative analysis between the operational concepts of the USMC and the CFN, focusing on tactics, logistics, and strategies, along with a critical evaluation of the limitations and opportunities in adapting these doctrines. This work proposes a reflection on how the Brazilian armed forces can modernize their coastal operations to face the contemporary challenges of littoral warfare, offering recommendations to strengthen the country's maritime defense and ensure national sovereignty in coastal and Amazonian waters. The research aims to contribute to the improvement of naval defense policies and align Brazil's strategies with the demands of the 21st century.