POLIFARMÁCIA E RISCO DE QUEDAS EM IDOSOS: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA LITERATURA

Abstract

Introduction: Population aging has contributed to a higher prevalence of chronic diseases and, consequently, to the simultaneous use of multiple medications among older adults—a phenomenon known as polypharmacy. Although often necessary, this practice can pose significant risks, especially when it involves potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) or Fall-Risk Increasing Drugs (FRIDs). Objective: To review the scientific literature on the topic. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted using articles published in the last ten years from the SciELO and PubMed databases, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The descriptors used were “polypharmacy,” “falls,” and “elderly”. Results and Discussion: The analysis of ten selected articles showed that the risk of falls is associated not only with the number of medications used but mainly with the pharmacological profile of the prescriptions. In addition, factors such as physical frailty, cognitive impairment, and balance issues further increase this risk. Conclusion: Fall prevention in older adults requires a multidimensional approach that includes careful medication review, the use of clinical tools such as the Beers Criteria, and interventions that promote patient functionality and safety.