Defesa e soberania na Amazônia ocidental: análise das operações ribeirinhas, logística terrestre e cooperação interagências

Abstract

Defense and Sovereignty in Western Amazonia: Analysis of Riverine Operations, Land Logistics, and Interagency Cooperation. This study analyzes military operations against irregular forces in the Western Amazon, focusing on their impacts on the effectiveness of sovereignty in a riverine environment. The challenge consists of understanding how the Armed Forces can maintain state presence and neutralize asymmetric threats, considering the severe logistical limitations and the complexity of the terrain. The objective of this research is, therefore, to analyze how riverine and land operations strengthen state presence, evaluating the necessary doctrinal and interagency integration for the region's defense. To achieve this purpose, the research sought to examine the fundamentals of riverine doctrine, analyze land-based permanence strategies, as well as investigate the model of joint and interagency cooperation. For data collection, a qualitative approach was adopted, based on bibliographic and documentary research, with the analysis of military manuals, operational reports, and academic articles that allowed correlating doctrine with the practical challenges of the Amazon. The results revealed that military effectiveness in the Amazon depends on adapted doctrines, such as the "operational triad" and land-based "permanence," to counter the fluidity of threats. The analysis also identified that logistics is the critical factor and the main challenge, and that complex threats require a systemic response from the State, consolidated in operations like Ágata. In summary, the research demonstrates that framing the defense of the Amazon as a purely military problem is insufficient, as it requires a multidimensional and interagency approach. This new perspective contributes to the development of integrated strategies, essential for ensuring sovereignty and effective governance in the Western Amazon.