Desempenho humano e operação em ambiente nuclear, biológico, químico e radiológico (NBQR): uma revisão de escopo

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The use of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents is one of the current dimensions of modern warfare. In addition to the inherent challenges of the operational environment, the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) within the scope of CBRN defense represents the main obstacle to human performance. This highlights the need to understand the physical, cognitive, and psychological aspects involved in such operations, as well as the technologies related to PPE. OBJECTIVE: This scoping review aims to map the relationship between CBRN defense activities and human performance. METHODS: This study followed the guidelines established by the Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR. The protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework. A bibliographic search was conducted in the BVS-LILAC, MEDLINE-PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, in addition to specialized gray literature. The descriptors “military”, “nuclear”, “biological”, “chemical”, and “radiation” and their respective synonyms according to MESH and DECS were used. Eligibility followed the PCC acronym. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: military and security forces (population), CBRN defense activities (concept), and operational activity/outcome (context). RESULTS: Out of a total of 6,691 studies, 89 satisfied the eligibility criteria. The main findings highlight the importance of protective equipment; the challenges posed by heat stress and thermoregulation; the high physiological demands of the activities; and cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: The review found that poor PPE ergonomics, temperature, metabolism, and cognitive performance decline significantly affect the physical integrity of tactical athlete.