Sistemas remotamente pilotados em emergências : lições de Fukushima e oportuniddes de aprimoramento no Programa Nuclear da Marinha

Abstract

This study examines the capabilities implemented with Remotely Piloted Systems (SRPs) in Japan after the Fukushima nuclear accident, focusing on emergency situations, and aims to foster reflection on opportunities to improve the use of these systems within the Brazilian Navy’s Nuclear Program (PNM). Using a qualitative approach based on documentary research and the identification of operational contrasts between the Japanese and Brazilian contexts, the study establishes connections between the Japanese experience and the reality of the PNM, with emphasis on activities at the Aramar Experimental Center (CEA). The Fukushima case marked a turning point for the use of emerging technologies in crisis management, showing that integrating autonomous platforms—such as aerial drones, ground robots, and underwater vehicles—into institutional response protocols enables critical missions in restricted areas, from radiological mapping to decommissioning support. Japan’s experience consolidated an articulated response model with broad incorporation of SRPs and ongoing investments in research, development, and training. In Brazil, a gap is observed in the systematic employment of SRPs in support of the PNM, despite isolated experiences at the CEA, indicating opportunities to integrate these technologies into operational routines in light of Japanese lessons learned. Furthermore, the planned and coordinated incorporation of SRPs is expected to strengthen national preparedness and align the PNM with international best practices in nuclear safety